Do you know the low-power white LEDs can also be used for an eye-catching lamp for your restroom? In this project, we will demonstrate a LED lamp Circuit with white LEDs to use as a room Lamp. Currently LED lamps are going very popular because of their low power consumption, high brightness, and low price. Also, the operating life of LED lamps is far more than fluorescent lamps. The LED lamp looks the same as standard halogen lamps and can be fit in a standard 230-V light fitting.
In this project, the bridge rectifiers are used instead of high-power transformers to convert AC to DC. The use of a capacitor helps to drop the voltage from 230 V to the voltage suitable for the LEDs.
Hardware Components
The following components are required to make LED Lamp Circuit
| S.no | Components | Value | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Diode | 1N4007 | 4 |
| 2. | LED | – | 15 |
| 3. | Capacitor | 220nF 400V, 4.7uF 63V | 1, 1 |
| 4. | Resistor | 1MΩ, 560Ω | 1, 1 |
| 5. | AC Power Supply | 230V | 1 |
LED Lamp Circuit
Working Explanation
The above circuit operates in the following manner: The capacitor 220n 400V behaves as a voltage dropping resistor and ensures that the current flowing is not more than 12 mA. The diodes 1N4007 bridge rectifier turns the AC voltage into a DC voltage i.e. LEDs can only operate from a DC voltage. These LEDs get damaged/fails when the DC voltage exceeds 5 V. The electrolytic capacitor 4u7 63V has a double function firstly, it ensures there is a sufficient voltage to power the LEDs when the main voltage is less than the forward voltage of the LEDs and it takes care of the inrush current peak that occurs when the main is switch on. This current pulse could otherwise damage the LEDs.
Then there is the 560 Ω resistor, which ensures the current and the light output through the LED is constant and uniform.
Applications and Uses
- They are proving their worth in many specific residential and business lighting tasks such as in desk lamps
- LED lamps are used for both general and special-purpose lighting
- They are often used as indicator lamps, replacing the small incandescent bulb
