4x4x4 LED Cube Arduino Electronics Project

An LED Cube can be thought of as an LED screen, in which simple 5mm LED’s play the role of digital pixels. A LED cube allows us to create images and patterns by using the concept of an optical phenomenon known as persistence of vision (POV). So, In this tutorial, we will go over a step by step procedure on how to build a 4x4x4 LED cube using an Arduino nano. The cube has 64 blue LEDs that make up its 4 layers (positives) and 16 columns (negatives).

Arduino Nano is a compact, compatible, durable, and breadboard-friendly Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328p model. On a functional scale, it is pretty much similar to Arduino Duemilanove, but in a different package. It has no DC power jack like other models & requires a Mini-B USB cable to be powered by a laptop or PC.

https://youtu.be/WsL2xCNSUOM

Hardware Required

You will need the following parts for creating LED Cube Project.

S.no	Component	Value	Qty
1	Arduino Nano	–	1
2	USB Cable	Micro-B	1
3	LED	Diffused, 5mm	64
4	DC Hand Drill	–	1
5	Silver Wires	–	40
6	Female Headers	–	As per need
7	Resistor	100 Ohms	4
8	Cardboard	–	As per need
9	Soldering Iron	45W – 60W	1
10	Soldering Flux	–	1

You can build a custom PCB Prototype in ($2) with JLCPCB’s Services.

Useful Steps

Follow all steps carefully from the video tutorial at the end of this post (Highly Recommended).

1) Take a 5×5 inch card piece and then make 9 square boxes with 1×1 inch spacing

2) Drill 5mm Hole to the corner of all boxes

3) Bend negative leg of LED with the help of a Screw Driver

4) Mark Arrow on Card Piece and then Insert all LED (negative leg ) facing the arrow.

5) Then solder all positive leg of the 16 LED with a silver wire & then test the LED using a multimeter.

6) After making 4-row using similar technique connect all negative leg of led using silver wires

7) Connect L1, L2, L3, & L4 To Common positive of Row1, Row2, Row3, & Row4 Respectively

8) Then Solder Header onto the PCB Board

9) Solder Resistors

10) Upload code and Power up circuit

Working Explanation

An LED cube inhabits the principle of persistence of vision. the working of this circuit is as follows. All the 4 layers of the LED cube are defined as A0, A1, A2 & A3 while all the 16 columns of the cube are defined as (0 – 13 & A4, A5). Upon uploading the code, the controller registers all the layers and columns of the cube corresponding to the adjoining pins & sets the time integer to 250.

The controller then defines 2 loops associated with the output of the layers & columns. Here, we have SET the function randomseed() to intake analog input from pin 10 for random loop function selection. After this the controller enters the void loop() routine & randomly goes through each LED display function.

Applications

• Usually used for decorative purposes in places such as wedding & community halls.
• Can also be used to teach the phenomenon of persistence of vision (POV).

Code

/*
  4x4x4 LED Cube
  Connection Setup: 
  Columns
  [(x,y)-Pin]
  (1,1)-13
  (1,2)-12
  (1,3)-11
  (1,4)-10
  (2,1)-9
  (2,2)-8
  (2,3)-7
  (2,4)-6
  (3,1)-5
  (3-2)-4
  (3-3)-3
  (3,4)-2
  (4,1)-1
  (4,2)-0
  (4,3)-A5
  (4,4)-A4
  Layers
  [layer-Pin]
  a-A0
  b-A1
  c-A2
  d-A3
*/
//initializing and declaring led rows
  int column[16]={13,12,11,10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1,0,A5,A4};
//initializing and declaring led layers
  int layer[4]={A3,A2,A1,A0};
  int time = 250;
 
void setup()
{
  //setting rows to ouput
  for(int i = 0; i0; y--)
  {
    for(int i = 0; i







Circuit Diagram







For any difficulty in making this project Please Comment Below.
Download all important files & useful materials for this post from the link given below.



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